Bridgett Town: Bibliography
Primary Sources
“1860: Census of Free Inhabitants.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1860.
“1860: Census of Slave Inhabitants.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1860.
“1870: United States Census.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1870.
“1880: United States Census.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1880.
“1900: Twelfth Census of the United States.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1900.
“1910: Thirteenth Census of the United States.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1910.
“1920: Fourteenth Census of the United States.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1920.
“1930: Fifteenth Census of the United States.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1930.
“1933 Prince William County Highway Map.” Richmond, VA: Commonwealth of Virginia, Department of Highways, June 1, 1932. https://eservice.pwcgov.org/library/digitalLibrary/PDF/1933%20Highway%20Map.pdf.
“1940: Sixteenth Census of the United States.” Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1940.
“1950 Census of Population and Housing.” US Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1950.
Aronowitz, PhD, CRNP, Shoshi. Twitter, November 14, 2019.
Beale, Dorthy. Interview by Kristina Nohe. Audio Recording, April 5, 2023.
BisFitty. “As Requested: The Complete Saga of BisFitty, the ‘Period Appropriate’ Corporate Halloween Party Slave.” Reddit, November 1, 2015. https://www.reddit.com/r/funny/comments/3r4h8d/as_requested_the_complete_saga_of_bisfitty_the/?onetap_auto=true.
———. “I Am BisFitty, the ‘Period Appropriate’ Corporate Costume Party Slave... AMAA.” Reddit, November 2, 2015.
https://www.reddit.com/r/AMA/comments/3r7oeh/i_am_bisfitty_the_period_appropriate_corporate/.
Brewington, Peter. “For Sports Teams, Changing ‘Stonewall’ School’s Names Means Eliminating a Lot of Signs, Logos.” Prince William Times, June 19, 2020. https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/sports/for-sports-teams-changing-stonewall-schools-names-means-eliminating-a-lot-of-signs-logos/article_010f51f4-b229-11ea-9803-3ff3f8b928be.html.
Brick, Alex, and Iris Palazesi. “Bill Analysis and Fiscal Impact Statement.” The Florida Senate, January 14, 2022.
https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/148/Analyses/2022s00148.pre.ed.PDF.
Brown, William H. “Map of Prince William County, Virginia : Compiled from U.S. Geological Survey and Other Data and Corrected with the Assistance of Reliable Residents of the County.” A. B. Graham Photo. Lith, 1901. Library of Congress Geography and Map Division. https://www.loc.gov/item/2006700181.
“Citizen Comments Rural Area.” Prince William County, VA, August 2018. https://www.pwcva.gov/assets/2021-04/citizencomments_ruralarea.pdf.
Cooper, Oscar H., Harry F. Estill, and Leonard Lemmon. The History of Our Country. Cambridge: Ginn & Company, 1895.
Environmental Resources Management. “Prince William County Rural Preservation Study Report.” Prince William County Planning Office, May 2014. https://eservice.pwcgov.org/planning/documents/PWC%20Rural%20Study%20Final%20Report%20-%20July%202014.pdf.
Farmer, George. Interview by Kristina Nohe. Auido Recording, April 5, 2023.
Gaines, Thomas B. “Thomas B. Gaines Will,” May 26, 1856. https://us6.courthousecomputersystems.com/PrinceWilliamVA/.
“Home of Thomas B. Gaines,” Historical Marker, 2017.
HUD-eGIS Storefront. “Housing and Urban Development: CPD Maps.” Accessed April 30, 2023. https://egis.hud.gov/cpdmaps/.
Lansdowne, Howard. Interview by Kristina Nohe. Audio Recording, April 5, 2023.
Lara, Kendra. Twitter, February 10, 222AD. https://twitter.com/CllrKendraLara/status/1491872442280783878.
Lee, Susan Pendleton. Lee’s School History of the United States. Richmond, VA: B. F. Johnson Publishing Company, 1895.
“Liquor - License Returns.” State of Virginia, January 1, 1908. Book 01003, Page 00318. https://www4.pwcva.gov/Web/document/DOCC4090175?search=DOCSEARCH82S2.
“Loose Papers, Book 01058, Page 00118,” May 22, 1908. Book 01058, Page 00118. Prince William County Clerk of Court. https://www4.pwcva.gov/Web/document/DOCC4095497?search=DOCSEARCH82S2.
“Loose Papers, Book 01090, Page 00163,” May 6, 1872. Book 01090, Page 00163. Prince William County Clerk of Court. https://www4.pwcva.gov/Web/document/DOCC4098713?search=DOCSEARCH82S2.
Manassas Journal. “News of Our Colored Friends (Waterfall).” August 10, 1939. https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=MO19390810.1.2&srpos=23&e=-12-1913---1940--en-20-MO-21-byDA-txt-txIN-%22Waterfall+colored%22~20-------.
Miller, Ed. Home Place: Prince William County. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1986.
“Olive Branch Baptist Church: 1869-2019 150th Church Anniversary.” Haymarket, VA, 2019. http://www.obchaymarket.org/obbc-church-history.html.
Palazesi, Iris, and Alex Brick. “The Florida Senate BILL ANALYSIS AND FISCAL IMPACT STATEMENT.” The Florida Senate, January 14, 2022. https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/148/Analyses/2022s00148.pre.ed.PDF.
Pe, Gary. Twitter, February 22, 2020. https://twitter.com/GarLarPe/status/1231184542318374912.
“Poll List, Qualified Colored Electors, 4th District, Prince William Co., Va.,” 1867. Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. Library of Virginia. http://rosetta.virginiamemory.com:1801/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1443101.
Prince Willam County Government. “Post WWII Population Growth.” Accessed March 21, 2023. https://www.pwcva.gov/department/gis/post-wwii-population-growth.
Prince Willam County Government. “The Complete List of Historic Properties.” Accessed March 21, 2023. https://www.pwcva.gov/department/historic-preservation/complete-list-historic-properties.
Scheel, Eugene. “African-American Heritage Prince William County.” Prince William County: Prince William Historical Commission, October 2000.
———. “Eugene M. Scheel Historical Map.” Prince William County: Prince William County, VA, 1992.
Sheehan, Karen. “Rural Crescent – Why Do We Have It? What Is Its Future?” The Coalition to Protect Prince William County. Accessed March 21, 2023. https://protectpwc.org/rural-crescent-history-and-future/.
Sides, Emily. “Past Time vs. Too Far: Protests Split on Stonewall Jackson Name Change.” InsideNova, June 25, 2020. https://www.insidenova.com/news/education/prince_william/past-time-vs-too-far-protests-split-on-stonewall-jackson-high-name-change/article_5a6137b8-b332-11ea-8e2a-832003e57cab.html.
———. “Renaming Stonewall Schools: Alumni, Beloved Staff among Suggestions.” InsideNova, July 24, 2020. https://www.insidenova.com/news/education/prince_william/renaming-stonewall-schools-alumni-beloved-staff-among-suggestions/article_01e68de6-b4f8-11ea-92ee-2b4103f5ea5d.html.
Social Explorer. “Explore Maps,” 2022. https://www.socialexplorer.com/explore-maps.
The Manassas Journal. “Circuit Court.” October 5, 1906. https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=MO19061005.1.3&srpos=5&e=-------en-20-MO-1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22Waterfall%22-------.
The Manassas Journal. “Honor Roll Prince William Schools.” May 5, 1932. https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=MO19320505.1.7&srpos=15&e=-------en-20-MO-1--txt-txIN-%22Colored+School%22-------.
The Manassas Journal. “Public Sale of Land Delinquent for the Non-Payment of Taxes for the Year 1941.” November 18, 1943. https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=MO19431118.1.6&srpos=2&e=-------en-20-MO-1--txt-txIN-%22James+Bridgett%22-------.
The Manassas Journal. “Serious Shooting Affair.” December 15, 1911. https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=MO19111215.1.1&srpos=1&e=-------en-20-MO-1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22George+Hatcher%22-------.
Washington, Esther. Interview by Kristina Nohe. Audio Recording, April 21, 2023.
Washington, Velma. Interview by Kristina Nohe. Audio Recording, April 5, 2023.
Willis, Patricia. Interview by Kristina Nohe. Audio Recording, April 21, 2023.
Woodward, C. Vann. The Burden of Southern History. New York: Random House, Inc., 1960.
Writer’s Program. Prince William: The Story of Its People and Its Places. Prince William County: Virginia Conservation Commission, Federal Works Agency, & Works Projects Administracion, 1940. https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/viewer/30121/?offset=0#page=1&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q=.
Youngkin, Glen. “Executive Order: Number One (2022).” Commonwealth of Virginia, Office of hte Governor, January 15, 2022. https://www.governor.virginia.gov/media/governorvirginiagov/governor-of-virginia/pdf/74---eo/74---eo/EO-1---ENDING-THE-USE-OF-INHERENTLY-DIVISIVE-CONCEPTS,-INCLUDING-CRITICAL-RACE-THEORY,-AND-RESTORING-EXCELLEN.pdf.
SECONDARY SOURCES
Araujo, Ana Lucia. Slavery in the Age of Memory: Engaging the Past. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2019.
Bader, Aubrey. “Hostile Architecture: Our Past, Present, & Future?” Crit, no. 86 (January 2020): 48–51. http://mutex.gmu.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/hostile-architecture-our-past-present-amp-future/docview/2346663675/se-2?accountid=14541.
Baldwin, James. The Price of the Ticket: Collected Nonfiction: 1948-1985. Boston: Beacon Press, 2021.
Baruch, Yolanda. “Black Employee Attends Company Plantation Party Dressed As Enslaved Person.” Black Entreprise, August 4, 2022. https://www.blackenterprise.com/black-employee-attends-company-plantation-party-dressed-as-enslaved-person/.
Berti, Daniel. “Census: Prince William Is the 10th Most Diverse County in the U.S.” Prince William Times, October 5, 2021. https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/news/census-prince-william-is-the-10th-most-diverse-county-in-the-u-s/article_67ec0a2c-25fd-11ec-91a2-b37ba931ee3c.html.
———. “In the ‘Rural Crescent’ Debate, Some See Conservation, Others See Exclusion.” Prince William Times, February 18, 2021. https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/news/in-the-rural-crescent-debate-some-see-conservation-others-see-exclusion/article_e203729a-7217-11eb-b00b-bb600d8796bf.html.
Butler, Octavia E. Parable of the Sower. Open Road Integrated Media, Inc., 2000.
Cox, Karen L. Dixie’s Daughters: The United Daughters of the Confederacy and the Preservation of Confederate Culture. 2019 Kindle edition with new preface. New Perspectives on the History of the South. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.
Crewdson, Robert L. Crossroads of the Past: A History of Haymarket, Virginia. Prince William County Historical Commission, 1982. https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/viewer/30121/?offset=0#page=5&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q=.
“Hostile Architecture.” In MacMillan. Accessed April 19, 2023. https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/hostile-architecture.
Knight, Ben. “Defensive Architecture: Design at Its Most Hostile.” UNSW Sydney Newsroom, August 13, 2020. https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/art-architecture-design/defensive-architecture-design-its-most-hostile.
Lefebvre, Henri. The Production of Space. Oxford, OX, UK ; Cambridge, Mass., USA: Blackwell, 1991.
McKittrick, Katherine. Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2006.
Prince William Wildflower Society. “Field Trip to Bull Run Mountains Natural Area Preserve,” 2021. https://vnps.org/princewilliamwildflowersociety/events/field-trip-to-bull-run-mountains-natural-area-preserve/.
Rogenhofer, Julius Maximilian, Koen Abts, Oliver Klein, and Paul Bertin. “The Resentful Undergrowth of Nostalgia: Ontological Insecurity, Relative Deprivation and Powerlessness.” The British Journal of Sociology 74, no. 2 (March 2023): 173–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12991.
Scheel, Eugene. Crossroads and Corners: A Tour of the Villages, Towns and Post Offices of Prince William County, Virginia Past and Present. Prince William Count: Historic Prince William, Inc., 1996.
Smith, Clint. How the Word Is Passed: A Reckoning with the History of Slavery across America. Back Bay paperback edition. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2021.
Trouillot, Michel-Rolph, and Hazel V. Carby. Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History. Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon Press, 2015.
Wallace, Elizabeth. “What’s Behind the Uptick in Hostile Architecture?” Architectural Digest, March 21, 2018. https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/hostile-architecture.